牛津英语6A英语语法(一)名词

一．名词分可数名词和不可数名词

1 可数名词

　个体名词都是可数名词。每个可数名词都有其单数和复数形式。

　A. 单数 表示“一个”的概念。用名词的单数时，名词前需加 a 或 an。

　　　如 a book（一本书）、an apple（一个苹果）、an orange（一个橘子）等。

　B. 复数 表示两个或两个以上的物体。如two pencils（两枝铅笔）、three weeks（三周）等。

复数形式的构成有两种：规则名词复数形式的构成和不规则名词复数形式的构成。具体见下表。 规则名词复数形式的构成

不规则名词复数形式的构成

注意事项:

只能用于复数形式的名词有: clothes, trousers, glasses,

单数名词用于复数含义: people, public, police

2 不可数名词：

有些词在汉语中可数,在英语中却不可数。例如：news（新闻）、furniture（家具）、bread（面包）等。此类不可数名词要表示“一”这个概念时,需用其它方式表达,数词+量词+OF+名词如 a piece of news,a piece of furniture,a loaf of bread 等。

不可数名词: 包括物质名词( air, butter, water等)及抽象名词(advice等)

注意事项：

不可数名词没有复数变化,不能用A,AN,但可用THE,或不用冠词,如： Bread is the usual breakfast.

有量词修饰时注意名词是否可数,不可数时用单数,可数时用复数,如： ten bags of rice---- ten baskets of eggs

练习

一．写出下列名词的复数形式。

（1）box — 　　（2）church — 　　（3）brush — 　　（4）girl— 　　（5）baby— 　　

（6）day—　　　（7）watch—　　 （8）flower— 　　（9）foot—　　（10）knife —

二．根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空：

1. I have a lot of ______ to do. (homework)

2. There are seven ______ in a week. (day)

3. How many _____ can you see? (tomato)

4. Miss Guo is wearing a pair of _______. (glass)

5. There are five _________ in the picture. (child )

6. There are two________ over there．（bench）

7. I like taking ________．（photo）

8. l can see two__________ standing there．（woman）

9. There are two baskets of__________ on the floor．（apple）

10.There are three__________．（knife）

三．选择填空：

1．His wife wanted to know how many ______ they should pay for the dinner.

　A. dollars　 B. money　 C. pays

2.The pig has four ______.

　A. foot　 B. feet 　C. foots

3.My two brothers are both ______.

　A. policeman　 B. policemans　 C. policemen

4.There are four _____ and two ______ in the class.

　A. Japanese, Germen 　B. Japaneses, germen　 C. Japanese, Germans

5.I can see ten _____ in the picture.

　A. sheep　 B. dog 　C. pig

6.The _____ has three______.

　A. boys, watches　 B. boy, watch　 C. boy, watches

7.______ can you see on the plate?

　A. How many bread 　B. How much bread　 C. How many breads

8.The girl often brushes her_____ before she goes to bed.

　A. tooth 　B. tooths　C. teeth

9.Mr Black often has _____ to tell us.

　A. some good pieces of news　 B. some pieces of good news　C. some good piece of news

10.There are some _____ on the floor.

　A. child 　B. water 　C. books

11.The Japanese ____ will not leave China until she finishes her study.

　A. woman　 B. women 　C. man

12.Lucy will show us some new ____ of hers.

　A. photo 　B. photos 　C. photoes

13. I drank two ______.

　A. bottles of orange　B. bottleof orange　C. bottles of oranges

14.The cat caught two ______ last night.

　A. mouses 　B. mice 　C. mouse

15.I need a pen and some _____.

　A. papers 　B. piece of paper　 C. paper

16.There are ____ on the table.

　A. a glass of water　 B. a glass of milk　 C. two glasses of juice

四．将下列句子变成复数形式

1．This is a knife.

2．That is a tomato.

3．She has a wish.

4．That child is very lovely.

答案

一.（1）boxes 　（2）churches 　（3）brushes 　（4）girls 　（5）babies　 （6）days 　（7）watches 　（8）flowers （9）feet (10) knives

二. 1.homework　 2.days　3.tomatoes 　4.glasses　 5.children　6.benches 　7.photos　8. women　9．apples 　10.knives

三. 1.A 　2.B　 3.C 　4.C 　5.A　 6.C 　7.B 　8.C　9.A　 10.C 　11 A 　12. B　 13.A 　14.B　 15.C　 16 C

四.1．These are knives.　

　2．Those are tomatoes..

　3．They have wishes.

　4．Those children are very lovely.